Path-breaking Technological Progress of INDIA
World & technology
Aptly quoted by the inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee – “The Web as I envisaged it, we have not seen it yet. The future is still so much bigger than the past.”, applies to every category of technological inventions. With the advent of new, faster and better technologies like Web3, Metaverse, etc. humans have been soaring new heights. This progress is, undoubtedly, set to increase an exponential rate in the coming future.
India & the recognition for the technological inventions-
Reference – The Economic Times
India has given us many reasons to be proud of. Since the very beginning, India has been a part of this progress but it has made its presence felt to the world only for the past few years. It is extremely important that we take credit for all the major technological inventions from the very beginning and celebrate those and their inventors.
India ranks third among the most attractive investment destinations for technology transactions in the world. Modern India has had a strong focus on science and technology, realising that it is a key element for economic growth. India is among the topmost countries in the world in the field of scientific research, positioned as one of the top five nations in the field for space exploration. India has regularly undertaken space missions, including missions to the moon and the famed Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).
As per the Economic Survey 2022, India’s GERD as a percentage of GDP stood at 0.66%.Expanding middle-class and increasing affordability are demand drivers for technologically advanced product. India is the top exporter of IT products, has the third-largest pharma-sector and a fast-growing contract research segment. India stands third globally in the number of peer-reviewed Science and Engineering Publications. In September 2021, India published the amended Patents Rules (2021) and reduced fees by 80% for educational institutions.
Some technological inventions-
India has been actively participating in inventing and using better technologies.
Locomotive with Regenerative braking, BHEL has developed world's first ever DC electric locomotive with a regenerative braking system through its in-house R&D centre, First proposed by the Railway Ministry, the concept involving the energy-efficient regeneration system was put into shape by BHEL in a 5,000 HP WAG-7 electric locomotive.
Digital vaccines-Developed based on fundamental neurocognitive computing and immunological modulation discoveries in pediatric and young adult population, this sub field of digital therapeutics was invented by Bhargav Sri Prakash, through work led by his team at Carnegie Mellon University.
e-mode HEMT, In 2019 scientists from Bangalore have developed a highly reliable, High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMTs) that is a normally OFF device and can switch currents up to 4A and operates at 600V. This first-ever indigenous HEMT device made from gallium nitride (GaN). Such transistors are called e-mode or enhancement mode transistors.
Rankings and Developments-
Reference- ITOProPortal
India now ranks 46 among 50 countries in the Global Innovation Index (GII); this is an improvement from the 48th position in 2020. The Government is extensively promoting research parks technology business incubators (TBIs) and (RPs), which would promote the innovative ideas till they become commercial ventures.
India's National Artificial Intelligence Strategy prepared by NITI Aayog outlined a way forward to harness the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in different fields. Accenture offers a framework for assessing the economic effect of AI for selected G20 countries in its latest AI research studies and forecast that AI will raise India's annual growth rate by 1.3% points by 2035.
India ranked 46th in the Global Innovation Index for 2021. In the Bloomberg Innovation Index, 2021, India ranked 50th in terms of innovations. In South Asia, India is the only country to be represented on the index. India moved up to fifth rank in the Global R&D Funding Forecast 2021.
With support from the Government, considerable investment and development has incurred in different sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, space research, and nuclear power through scientific research. For instance, India is gradually becoming self-reliant in nuclear technology.
Recent Developments-
In March 2022, Toyota launched its Mirai hydrogen fuel cell car in India. The Indian Oil Corporation would be supplying hydrogen to power the car.
As per the Economic Survey 2022, India’s gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of GDP stood at 0.66%.
India's Top 5 IT firms (TCS, Infosys, Wipro, HCL and Tech Mahindra) added more than 122,000 employees in in the first six months of FY22, nearly matching the 138,000 employees hired in the entirety of FY21.
In 2021, the Indian pharma industry showed double digit growth of around 13-15% led by growth of Covid-19 products, as against a single digit growth of 3% shown in 2020.
In November 2021, the Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Earth Sciences, in association with Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA), launched India International Science Festival 2021, a unique platform, with its theme being celebration of creativity in science, technology and innovation for a prosperous India
In November 2021, Atal Innovation Mission and Vigyan Prasar collaborated to drive synergies between Atal Tinkering Labs and Vigyan Prasar’s unique platform, Engage With Science.
In October 2021, the government announced plans to establish 75 science technology & innovation hubs in India for scheduled castes (SCs) and scheduled tribes (STs) and empower them to contribute to the socio-economic improvement of the country.
In October 2021, the government launched the Indian Space Association (ISpA) to accelerate technology advancements and strengthen the space sector in the country.
India offers various opportunities for research & development and innovations. As of 2021, >70% of the 50 most innovative firms across the world have a research and development centre in India.
In October 2021, Biz2Credit, a fintech company, announced plan to invest US$ 100 million in India over the next five years on research and development activities and expansions.
In October 2021, India and Denmark agreed for a five-year plan to implement green strategic partnership for enhancing collaboration in various areas including science and technology.
In October 2021, India and Europe held discussions to review the progress on science and technology bilateral cooperation and strengthen efforts on research and innovation.
On September 27, 2021, DRDO tested a new version of the Akash Missile, Akash Prime, equipped with an active Radio Frequency (RF) seeker for improved accuracy.
In September 2021, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Science & Technology, Minister of State (Independent Charge) Earth Sciences, MoS PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions, Atomic Energy and Space, Dr. Jitendra Singh, launched the ‘AmritGrand Challenge Programme’ called ‘JANCARE’. This programme has been launched to identify 75 start-ups in several sectors such as telemedicine, digital health and mHealth with Big Data, AI, blockchain and other technologies.
In September 2021, Atal Innovation Mission and Dassault Systèmes announced their plan to set up an innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem across India.
In August 2021, the Government of India announced its support to 75 start-ups in the areas of telemedicine, artificial intelligence and digital health.
From 2014 to 2021, India recorded a 572% growth in patent approvals.
In September 2021, India published the amended Patents Rules (2021) and reduced fees by 80% for educational institutions.
Road Ahead-
Reference- downtoearth.org.in
India is aggressively working towards establishing itself as a leader in industrialisation and technological development. Significant developments in the nuclear energy sector are likely as India looks to expand its nuclear capacity. Moreover, nanotechnology is expected to transform India’s pharmaceutical industry. The agriculture sector is also likely to undergo a major revamp with the government investing heavily for a technology-driven Green Revolution.
From greatest scholars like Aryabhata, Homi J. Bhabha, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam to eminent scientists like CV Raman, Satyendra Nath Bose, Meghnad Saha and many more. India is witness to numerous stories of achievements and inventions that made difference around the globe. Not just this, it has given its contributions in the fields of astronomy, architecture, metallurgy, logic, cartography, mathematics, medicine, mineralogy, automobile engineering, communications, information technology, space research, and polar technology, etc. Let’s celebrate our country and its rich culture along with the technological progress it has made so far and hope that it keeps growing ahead with our culture deeply rooted in the foundation. Jai Hind!
Credits and References-
Samruddhi Kamthe (Team Tech Tuesday)
Wikipedia
ibef.org
NOTE: -
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